Endocrine Abstracts

Introduction: Episodes of poorly controlled diabetes (DM) are one of the most frequent medical complications during hospitalization in the elderly population.Objetives: To analyze the prevalence of episodes of diabetic decompensation in patients admitted to the area of Vascular Surgery and Angiology (VS).Material and methods: Descriptive analysis of patients admitted to the VS Service who presented abnormally high or decreased bloo...

The emergence of a new generation of long-acting insulin analogues (insulin degludec -ID- and insulin glargine 300 U/ml -IG300-) has increased treatment options in type 1 diabetes (T1D), demonstrating in clinical trials better metabolic control with lower hypoglycemia rates.Objectives: To assess characteristics of T1D patients who were given ID and IG300 in clinical practice and to evaluate their effect on metabolic control, weight, insulin dose and hypo...

Context: Fluid restriction (FR) is recommended as first line therapy for SIAD by both the European1 and the American guidelines2 for management of SIAD. Not all patients respond to FR however, and the American guidelines have identified clinical predictors of failure to respond to FR. These include 1.Urine osmolality (UOsm) >500 mOsm/Kg 2. Furst formula (ratio UNa+UK/pNa) > 1, and 3. 24 hour-urine volume<1500 mlObjective...

Introduction: Intrauterine growth is a biological process regulated by maternal, placental, and foetal endocrine signals. Birth weight is an indicator of the health of the newborn. Alterations in foetal growth lead to perinatal health risks and favour metabolic diseases during adult life. Therefore, the study of endocrine factors determining birth weight, such as ghrelin is an important issue. Ghrelin may exist as two molecular forms, desacyl ghrelin (DAG) and acyl ghrelin (AG...

Pituitary ACTH-secreting tumour presents with variety of clinical features: normal cortisol secretion and ACTH-immunopositive staining and mild hypercortisolism without typical features of Cushing’s disease. We present a 53-year-old male with history of hypertension. First visit (2005): visual loss, bitemporal hemianopsia in campimetry and in MRI pituitary adenoma (2.5 cm) invading cavernous sinus and suprasellar cister. Hormonal study supported panhypopituitarism. After ...

Introduction: Oncocytomas are tumours composed by oncocytes, cells with granular and eosinophilic cytoplasm filled with mitochondria. It is a neoplasm that can arise in several organs (more commonly described in the kidney, salivary gland and thyroid). Oncocytoma arising in the adrenal gland is a rare finding. Most of them are benign and non-functioning and are detected incidentally. However, functional adrenal oncocytomas presenting as Cushing’s syndrome and phaeochromoc...

Introduction: Cushing’s syndrome (CS) due to macronodular adrenal hyperplasia ACTH-independent (MAHAI) is rare. Regulation of cortisol secretion by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) aberrantly expressed is frequently found in MAHAI. Various aberrant receptors have been reported, mostly: GIP, vasopressin, beta-adrenergic, LH/hCG and serotonin.Case report: 61 years old woman. Medical history: type 2 diabetes, hypertension, obesity, dyslipidaemia and...

We describe the clinical case of two childbearing age women with thyroid dysfunction, hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, and high levels of PTH.Case 1: A 34-year-old woman with infertility for 3 years, microprolactinoma treated with low-dose dopamine agonists, autoimmune primary hypothyroidism and obesity. She had irregular menstrual cycles and fatigue. Weight 130 kg, height 155 cm, cervical acanthosis nigricans and round face. Calcium 6.6 mg/dl, phosphoro...

With preterm regression of the hyaloid vascular system, the human vitreous becomes devoid of blood vessels and maintains an avascular, transparent state throughout life. However, diseases of the developing and mature retina, such as retinopathy of prematurity or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), often result in the invasion of blood vessels into the vitreous, with a risk of causing vitreous hemorrhage, retinal detachment and, consequently, loss of vision or blindness. ...

Parathyroid carcinoma is a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism. Clinical suspicion is determined by the severity of hyperparathyroidism associated or not with palpable cervical tumor and local invasion when surgery.Case report: A 45-year-old woman without any previous history of kidney stones or fractures. Admitted to hospital because of high hypercalcemia (calcium 15.1 mg/dl), fatigue and generalized arthralgia. Physical examination revealed right...